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噴丸強化有限元建模過程

★更新時間:2020-10-23 14:14☆來源:未知 ☆作者:管理員 ☆已瀏覽:
  

噴丸強化有限元建模過程;能否有效噴丸工藝過程取決于有限元模型的準確與否,因此接下來我們將介紹有限元建模的過程;

1、問題分析;噴丸過程中,工件的變形是在與彈丸接觸狀態(tài)下進行的,彈丸通過接觸表面把力和速度(慣性力)的作用施加到工件上,使之產生塑性變形。這種作用狀態(tài),隨著變形的過程而在不斷變化,因此他對模擬分析有著及其重要的影響。工件在接觸表面受到彈丸產生的力和速度的約束作用,即切兩只摩擦應力和法向沖擊速度約束,所以接觸表面是混合邊界條件表面。接觸的復雜性使噴丸的有限元模擬成為一個高度非線性問題。

2、確定模型;噴丸的過程非常復雜,直接模擬幾乎不可能,將沖擊過程看作為多個球體反復沖擊規(guī)則工件的過程,因此簡化了建模過程,工件模型的準確性決定了計算成本和計算結果的準確性,為此我們嘗試了多種模型,終于找到了一個較為合適的魔方型模型,如下圖所示,圖中彈丸半徑為0.005m,工件為0.003m*0.002m*0.003m 的長方體對稱模型。

圖片1.png

3、材料屬性的定義;工件是低碳鋼Q235,在WDW微機控制電子***試驗機上測得了Q235的基本力學參數(shù),如表3.1,同時選用了材料為鋼和玻璃的兩種彈丸。

圖片2.png

4、定義分析和輸出;ABAQUS提供了ABAQUS/Standard、ABAQUS/Explicit兩個主求解模塊。ABAQUS/Standard主要用來一般過程分析;ABAQUS/Explicit是進行瞬時動力學分析的有效工具,特別適合求解沖擊和一些高度不連續(xù)及高度非線性問題,其處理接觸問題的能力也非常顯著,它能自動找出模型中的接觸對并高效模擬他們之間復雜接觸?;谏险撌?,本文選用ABAQUS/Explicit作為主求解模塊,在此模塊下選用Dynamic,Explicit作為初步分析。

5、定意邊界條件和接觸條件;在實際噴丸作業(yè)過程中,工件一般固定在夾具上。所以邊界條件定義中,限制工件各個方向的移動,對稱面采用對稱約束;同時限制彈丸的轉動,并將彈丸約束為剛體。彈丸和工件采用庫倫接觸,摩擦系數(shù)為0.25。

6、定義載荷;本文通過設置預定義場在初始步中加入初速度作為載荷。在實際噴丸過程中,彈丸是以不同速度和不同角度入射的,本文研究了不同速度對殘余應力場的影響。而噴射角度僅選用了垂直入射。垂直噴射是很有效的,以不同噴射角度只是損耗了動能。

7、劃分網(wǎng)格;工件和彈丸的選擇如表3.2所示。工件選用的是減縮積分單元(C3D8R),求解更加精準,但減縮積分單元只在單元中心有一個積分點,存在沙漏問題。為避免沙漏問題,細化了彈丸與工件接觸端面的網(wǎng)格以及相入少量的人工沙漏剛度以限制沙漏模式的擴展。

8、需優(yōu)先控制的參數(shù);采用有限元法與實驗法和理論法所不同的是,需要用不同網(wǎng)格和單元類型去進行驗證,從而確何計算結果不被網(wǎng)格質量和單元類型所影響,例如如果采用的是減縮性單元,則需要控制沙漏參數(shù)。噴丸是一個動態(tài)過程。

噴丸是一個瞬間過程,沖擊速度大,彈丸與工件接觸時間很短,理論上單次沖擊時接觸時間的選擇對結果影響不大。

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銷售 內銷部
銷售 外貿部
銷售 銷售內勤
銷售 銷售(國內)
銷售 銷售(外貿)
技術 技術咨詢
網(wǎng)絡 網(wǎng)絡咨詢
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