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船舶常用的除銹方法

★更新時間:2020-06-20 16:42☆來源:浙江通寶 ☆作者:管理員 ☆已瀏覽:
  

 船舶除銹的方法常用的分三種:手工除銹、機械除銹和化學除銹。
一、手工除銹
    手工除銹的工具有鐵錘、鏟刀、刮刀、鋼絲刷等,工作量較重,用時較長;一般厚的銹斑用鐵錘敲松再用鏟刀鏟除;除銹效率太低。一般0.2~0.5m2/h,環(huán)境惡劣,難以除去氧化皮等污物,除銹效果不佳,很難達到理想的清潔度和粗拙度,已逐步被機械方漢和化學方法所替換。但在修船過程中,特別是對局部缺陷的修補,常采用此方法;對于機械除銹難以達到的部位,如狹小艙室、型鋼反面角隅邊沿等功課難題區(qū)域,也多使用手工除銹法。

推薦指數(shù):★★
二、機械除銹
 機械除銹的方法又可分為以下主要的4種:
  1、小型風動或電動除銹。主要以電或壓縮空氣為動力,裝配適當?shù)某P裝置,進行往復運動或旋轉運動,以適應各種場合的除銹要求。如角向磨光機、鋼絲刷、風動針束除銹器、風動敲銹錘、齒型旋轉除銹器等,屬于半機械化設備,工具輕盈、機動性大,能較徹底去除銹、舊涂層等,能對涂層進行打毛處理,效率比手工除銹大大進步,可達1~2m2/h,但不能除去氧化皮,表面粗糙度較小,不能達到優(yōu)質的表面處理質量,工效較噴射處理低。可在任何部位使用,特別在修船過程中得到廣泛應用。

推薦指數(shù):★
  2、噴砂(丸)除銹。主要以顆粒噴射沖蝕作用構成的以達到表面清潔和適宜的粗糙度,設備包括敞開式噴砂(丸)除銹機、密閉式噴砂室(噴砂房)、真空噴砂(丸)機。敞開式噴砂(丸)機應用較為廣泛,能較為徹底地清除金屬表面所有的雜質,如氧化皮、銹蝕和舊漆膜,除銹效率高4~5m2/h,機械程度高,除銹質量好。缺點:磨料一般不能回收,對其他功課有影響,清理現(xiàn)場麻煩。所以環(huán)境污染較重,近年來逐漸被限制使用。

推薦指數(shù):★★★
  3、高壓水磨料除銹。利用高壓水射流的沖擊作用(加上磨料的磨削作用)和水撬作用破壞銹蝕和涂層對鋼板的附著力。其特點是無粉塵污染,不損傷鋼板,大大進步除銹效率,可達15m2/h以上,除銹質量好。但除銹后的鋼板易返銹,須涂裝專門的帶濕除銹涂料,對一般機能涂料的涂裝有較大影響。

推薦指數(shù):★
  4、拋丸除銹。拋丸除銹是利用高速旋轉的葉輪將磨料拋向鋼鐵表面來達到除銹目的,是一種對船體鋼料進行除銹的較為提高前輩的機械處理方法,不僅出產(chǎn)效率高,而且用度低、自動化程度高,可實現(xiàn)流水線操縱,環(huán)境污染少,但僅在室內操縱。

推薦指數(shù):★★★
三、化學除銹
    主要是利用酸與金屬氧化物發(fā)生化學反應,從而除掉金屬表面的銹蝕產(chǎn)物的一種除銹方法,即通常所說的酸洗除銹,只能在車間內操縱。

推薦指數(shù):★

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銷售 內銷部
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銷售 銷售(國內)
銷售 銷售(外貿)
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